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Ficus microcarpa Compacta, often grown and sold as a bonsai, is a beautiful miniature tree known for its neat, dense foliage and compact form. This cultivar is a type of Chinese Banyan, but has been specially selected or trained to maintain a smaller, bushier habit, making it perfectly suited for bonsai cultivation.
Foliage: Small, glossy, dark green oval leaves are closely spaced, giving the bonsai a lush, full appearance. The foliage responds well to regular trimming, maintaining tight growth and a pleasing canopy.
Trunk & Roots: Ficus microcarpa bonsai often develops an attractive, thickened trunk with aerial roots (especially in humid environments) that add an exotic, aged look. The bark is smooth and greyish.
Form: Trained into elegant shapes, from upright styles to informal cascades, often styled with splayed surface roots (nebari) to emphasise character and stability.
Because of its forgiving nature, tolerance of indoor conditions, and fast recovery from pruning, it is one of the most popular indoor bonsai species, suitable for beginners and experienced enthusiasts alike.
Prefers bright, indirect light.
Will tolerate some direct sun (morning or late afternoon) which can help keep internodes short and leaves small.
If too shaded, may become leggy and drop some inner leaves.
Thrives in average household temperatures (1525C).
Not frost hardy; should never be exposed to temperatures below 12C.
Appreciates moderate humidity occasional misting helps, especially in heated homes.
Keep soil evenly moist but never waterlogged.
Water thoroughly when the top of the soil begins to dry out; ensure excess water drains away.
Reduce watering slightly in winter when growth slows.
Feed every 24 weeks during spring and summer with a balanced liquid fertiliser at half strength.
Reduce feeding in autumn and stop in winter if growth slows significantly.
Responds extremely well to pruning, making it easy to maintain the desired shape.
Trim back new shoots after 46 leaves to 12 leaves to encourage ramification (branching).
Larger branches can be pruned in late spring to shape the structure.
Wiring can be used for shaping but check regularly to avoid wire cutting into the bark.
Repot every 23 years in spring, pruning roots lightly to maintain size.
Use a well-draining bonsai soil, often a mix of akadama, pumice and lava rock, or a general bonsai compost with added grit.
Generally very hardy and resilient.
May occasionally attract scale insects or spider mites indoors wipe leaves regularly and treat with horticultural soap if needed.
Leaf drop often results from overwatering, underwatering, or sudden changes in light or temperature.